
Jodrell Bank, a pioneering radio telescope, has played a fundamental role in the discovery and understanding of objects such as quasars and gravitational lenses. It was established 1945 under the direction of Bernard Lovell following his key contribution to radar during the Second World War. Being a radio telescope, it was sited in a rural area of Cheshire yet within access to Manchester University. A small place called Jodrell Bank.
The telescope burst on the public stage in 1966 at the height of the Space Race between America and Russia. Russia, with an edge, launched the first lunar probe containing a science package. England were alerted to the launch of the carrier rocket, and being one of the most sensitive radio instruments on Earth, took advantage of its celestial geometry to lay in wait for any radio transmissions that might come when the probe landed. Sure enough it intercepted a signal which was promptly stored but its contents were a mystery. Listening to the message, a scientist recognised what he thought were fax tones. Grabbing a fax machine and connecting it to the recorded message resulted in a black and white image of the moon as seen by the probe. Not wasting any time it was splashed across the newspapers jumping the gun on the Russians!
More recently radio astronomers have collaborated with the Parkes Radio Telescope in Australia. And in the 1980’s a new distributed system, called MERLIN, was installed linking radio telescopes across England. The resolution of this new instrument rivals the orbiting Hubble Space Telescope. Looking to the future, Australia is vying with South Africa as the host of the next generation of very large baseline array radio telescope. The Australian site is in the Kimberley – definitely a very remote and very radio quiet location. I’d like to think we are the front runner!
So with that bit of background you can understand my interest. So early this morning I set off on the three hour journey north. Weather this weekend is not good. Grey skies and forecast of heavy showers in the afternoon. So I wanted to arrive before lunch just in case.
There is a small, modest, visitor’s centre. But no matter – the highlight is the Lovell telescope. And I wasn’t disappointed. Approaching Jodrell Bank I glimpsed the large white structure in a field. Rather like Parkes Telescope which is sited in the middle of a sheep paddock! Unfortunately there was nowhere to pull over so I made my way to the car park.
My first impression is that its such an engineering achievement. Its enormous structure is
steel – including the surface of the parabolic dish. The dish pivots on a set of large supports: designated the green and red towers (presumably a reference to navigation). These towers in turn rest on a circular track allowing the whole structure to rotate left or right for azimuth pointing. For elevation, there are an enormous set of semicircular tracks that drive the dish up or down. It is possible to point the dish directly up or straight to the horizon. What an engineering achievement.
I was drawn to the telescope as soon as I got out of the car. Passing a statue of Nicolaus Copernicus I embarked on a walk around its base. As I looked up at the huge dish I could hear the quiet hum of the telescope motors slowly driving the dish to keep it locked on some distant invisible point. Unfortunately the back of the telescope was facing me so the business end, the sensitive receiver, was hidden from view. But this was soon to change as I found spot to have lunch directly in front of the telescope. The pitch of the hum changed dramatically as the whole telescope began to slew. Simultaneously it rotated the base and pitched the dish over. Within a few minutes the face of the dish flipped over and pointed out towards me! I could watch this whole manoeuvre involving countless tonnes unfold in front of me as I enjoyed a hot coffee.
Lots of photos later, and with the weather closing in, I retreated to the visitor centre. Its basic with a few displays and such, but then this is a working telescope. In any case it seems that a new visitor centre is planned soon. Interestingly I noted that a lot of the video displays where Australian; Swinburne Uni in fact.
Having completed my tour of the telescope I headed West to the Peak National Park. Not far into the drive the heavens opened. Arriving in Buxton in pouring rain I decided not to stop and continued south east towards Tissington. Along the way the rained eased and visibility improved rewarding me with some stunning views looking out over the dales. The green fields are a patchwork made from stone walls. Old stone farm buildings were dotted everywhere. Spring lambs ran away from the car jumping in spasms that made me laugh and think of Merrilyn back in Australia. I’m sure she would have been in hysterics.
Tissington was a gorgeous little village. Small stone houses (most circa 18th century) had spring gardens in bloom. I decided to stop for an impromptu walk through the fields but just had to stop to inspect a church I encountered (thanks Lynne!). Inside was a Norman font from the 12th century. Its wonderful to find such treasures. Circling through the fields I made my way back to the car then on to Crewe for my hotel. I’m typing this from the bar but look forward to walking the Peak tomorrow. Lets hope that the forecast wet weather holds back.
Photos are
here.